Example: Chicago footnote citationEvolution is a gradual process that “can act only by very short and slow steps.” 1 1. Unlike with parenthetical citations, in this style, the period or other punctuation mark should appear within the quotation marks, followed by the footnote number. A note, indicated by a superscript number placed directly after the quote, specifies the author, title, and page number-or sometimes fuller information. Darwin explains that evolution “can act only by very short and slow steps” (510).Ĭomplete guide to MLA Citing a quote in Chicago styleĬhicago style uses Chicago footnotes to cite sources.Evolution is a gradual process that “can act only by very short and slow steps” (Darwin 510).As in APA, it can be parenthetical or narrative, and a period (or other punctuation mark) appears after the citation. 510).Ĭomplete guide to APA Citing a quote in MLA styleĪn MLA in-text citation includes only the author’s last name and a page number. Darwin (1859) explains that evolution “can act only by very short and slow steps” (p.Evolution is a gradual process that “can act only by very short and slow steps” (Darwin, 1859, p.Punctuation marks such as periods and commas are placed after the citation, not within the quotation marks. In a narrative citation, you name the author in your sentence (followed by the year), and place the page number after the quote. In a parenthetical citation, you place all the information in parentheses after the quote. If the quote appears on a single page, use “p.” if it spans a page range, use “pp.”Īn APA in-text citation can be parenthetical or narrative. To cite a direct quote in APA, you must include the author’s last name, the year, and a page number, all separated by commas. Three of the most common styles are APA, MLA, and Chicago. This looks slightly different depending on the citation style you’re using. In contrast, an earlier study by Williams cited below shows no significant gender differences in sex role attitudes as a result of nonfamily living.How to cite a quote in APA, MLA and ChicagoĮvery time you quote, you must cite the source correctly.

Increasing the time away from parents before marrying increased individualism, self-sufficiency, and changes in attitudes about families. They find their hypothesis strongly supported in young females, while the effects were fewer in studies of young males. The authors, researchers at the Rand Corporation and Brown University, use data from the National Longitudinal Surveys of Young Women and Young Men to test their hypothesis that nonfamily living by young adults alters their attitudes, values, plans, and expectations, moving them away from their belief in traditional sex roles. 'Nonfamily Living and the Erosion of Traditional Family Orientations Among Young Adults.' American Sociological Review 51.4 (1986): 541-554. Waite, Linda J., Frances Kobrin Goldscheider, and Christina Witsberger. NOTE: Standard MLA practice requires double spacing within citations. This example uses the MLA format for the journal citation. In contrast, an earlier study by Williams cited below shows no significant gender differences in sex role attitudes as a result of nonfamily living.

Nonfamily living and the erosion of traditional family orientations among young adults. American Sociological Review, 51 (4), 541-554. The following example uses the APA format for the journal citation. SAMPLE DESCRIPTIVE ANNOTATED BIBLIOGRAPHY ENTRY FOR A JOURNAL ARTICLE

Annotating an article example